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Economics

Wage Stagnation Is One Disease With Many Causes

First it was low productivity. Then it was health insurance. Then it was China. Then it was….

No one’s been waiting for a raise longer than these guys.

No one’s been waiting for a raise longer than these guys.

Photographer: Mark Wilson/Getty Images North America

One of the most vexing and puzzling problems in the U.S. economy is wage stagnation. There are many proposed culprits -- globalization and foreign competition, the decline of unions, automation, outsourcing and industrial concentration. Plenty of high-quality research is being done to disentangle these causes. But stepping back and looking at the history of wages in the U.S. over the past half-century provides a few clues -- as well as raising some intriguing mysteries.

Since 1964, when data first became available, average hourly earnings for production and nonsupervisory workers have increased more or less steadily, from $2.50 an hour then to about $23.00 today: