In this aerial photograph, rows of stacked shipping containers are seen at the Santos port in Sao Paulo.

In this aerial photograph, rows of stacked shipping containers are seen at the Santos port in Sao Paulo.

Photographer: Dado Galdieri/ Bloomberg

Economics

Brazil’s Dreams and Nightmares Are on View at This Super-Port

Santos has drugs, slums and a bustling port that just might help the Latin giant stage a turnaround that sticks. Two hundred million people are counting on it.

To take the pulse of Brazil, drive an hour from Sao Paulo to the port at Santos, the busiest in Latin America.

Curving inland from emerald waters and high-living beachfront condos, the harbor in the five-century old city is home to teeming favelas of huts on stilts, terminals loaded with goods fueling an economic rebound and, increasingly, cocaine. The port complex is a 3-square-mile microcosm of a country buffeted by political turmoil, drug-fueled violence and persistent income inequality as it emerges from a grinding recession. Will the turnaround take hold? There are answers, of a sort, in the sprawl of stacked containers and towering cranes.